治疗性超声对离体甲状腺组织代谢激素释放的影响
本研究用离体大鼠甲状腺组织探讨治疗性超声能否刺激甲状腺激素释放。连续非聚焦超声以1 W/cm²、5分钟、600 kHz/800 kHz/1 MHz照射后，各频率和时间点的T3、T4释放与假照射组均无统计学显著差异（p > .05），组织学未见结构异常。结论提示该参数下治疗性超声不刺激离体甲状腺组织释放T3或T4。
要点
- 治疗性超声（1 W/cm²、5分钟、600 kHz–1 MHz）未增加离体甲状腺T3/T4释放。
- 各频率与各时间点比较均无统计学显著差异（p > .05）。
- 组织学检查未见超声处理后的结构异常或明显显微改变。
核心结论
- 与既往胰腺β细胞超声刺激胰岛素释放的研究不同，本研究所用参数的治疗性超声未刺激离体甲状腺组织释放T3或T4。
研究设计与样本
- 离体实验研究，取健康成年Sprague-Dawley大鼠甲状腺切成小块置于含1 mL Krebs Ringer缓冲液（5 mmol葡萄糖）的孔中。
- 采用圆形平面换能器置于近场-远场过渡距离，以1 W/cm²连续非聚焦超声照射5分钟，频率为600 kHz、800 kHz和1 MHz。
- 于超声照射后0、5、35分钟取样，用竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验分析T3和T4浓度，并行苏木精-伊红染色组织学检查。
关键影像表现/征象
- 超声处理样本与假处理样本在各频率和时间点组合下T4或T3释放均无统计学显著差异（所有比较p > .05）。
- 组织学分析显示超声处理样本无结构异常或大体显微改变。
临床应用与阅片要点
- 该离体实验提示所测试的治疗性超声参数不引起甲状腺激素释放改变，但属临床前离体研究，不能直接外推至在体甲状腺超声检查或治疗。
- 文中组织学未见异常，提示所测参数下离体甲状腺组织未见明显结构损伤，但样本为离体大鼠组织，与人体在体条件不同。
局限性
- 研究为离体大鼠甲状腺组织实验，非在体、非人体，结果外推受限。
- 仅测试600 kHz、800 kHz、1 MHz三个频率及1 W/cm²、5分钟单一强度-时长组合，未覆盖其他超声参数。
- 样本为切除后切块组织，缺乏在体血流、神经内分泌调控等生理环境。
以上解读依据论文摘要（全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载）。
英文原文（摘要）· 点击展开
OBJECTIVES: This study focused on determining if ultrasound therapy could stimulate and control the function of the thyroid gland, specifically the synthesis and release of metabolic hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in a physiologically relevant ex vivo model.
METHODS: Excised thyroid glands obtained from healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats were diced into sections and placed in wells containing 1 mL of Krebs Ringer Buffer with 5 mmol glucose. Continuous, unfocused ultrasound was applied at 1 W/cm2 for 5 minutes at frequencies of 600 kHz, 800 kHz, and 1 MHz using a circular planar transducer positioned at the near field-far field transition distance. Samples were collected at time points 0, 5, and 35 minutes after ultrasound sonication. T3 and T4 concentrations were analyzed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and histological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining.
RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in T4 or T3 release between the ultrasound treated and sham treated samples at any combination of frequency and time point tested (p > .05 for all comparisons). Histological analysis revealed no structural abnormalities or gross microscopic changes in ultrasound-treated samples.
CONCLUSIONS: Unlike previous studies demonstrating ultrasound-stimulated insulin release from pancreatic beta cells, therapeutic ultrasound at the tested parameters did not stimulate T3 or T4 release from ex vivo thyroid tissue.
引用
- Thorpe B, Chen A, Ryan M, et al. Impact of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Metabolic Hormone Release From Thyroid Gland. J Ultrasound Med. 2026. PMID: 41999146. doi:10.1002/jum.70265
供执业医师工作参考，不替代临床判断；数值与分级以指南原文为准。