八种心血管疾病临床多基因风险报告的开发与验证
研究基于All of Us项目245,394名参与者的基因与临床数据,用PRSmix方法整合8种心血管性状的多基因风险评分(PRS),并在Mass General Brigham生物库53,306名参与者中外部验证。整合PRS对8种性状均显示良好区分度与校准度,高遗传风险与平均风险相比的OR从TAA的1.7到脂蛋白(a)的41.0不等,现已作为可临床开具的检测提供。
要点
- 整合PRS在8种心血管性状中均显示稳健区分度与适当校准。
- 高遗传风险vs平均风险的OR:CAD 3.7、高胆固醇血症4.1、脂蛋白(a) 41.0。
- 整合PRS已可作为临床可开具检测,但需前瞻性验证确认临床效用。
核心结论
- 整合PRS为遗传风险报告提供了可实施的框架,现已作为临床可开具检测提供。
- 需要更广泛的前瞻性验证研究来进一步确立临床效用。
研究设计与样本
- 分析All of Us研究项目245,394名参与者的基因与临床数据,用PRSmix弹性网方法整合8种性状的公开PRS。
- 在Mass General Brigham生物库53,306名参与者中进行外部验证,使用逻辑回归调整年龄、性别和 ancestry。
主要发现
- Mass General Brigham生物库53,306名参与者中55.6%为女性,平均年龄53±17岁,整合PRS对8种心血管性状显示稳健区分度和适当校准。
- 高遗传风险(PRS分布前10%,TAA和VTE为前20%)vs平均风险(第26-75百分位,TAA和VTE为第21-80百分位)的OR:冠状动脉疾病3.7(95%CI: 3.4-4.1)。
- 2型糖尿病OR 3.1(95%CI: 2.8-3.3),心房颤动OR 3.0(95%CI: 2.7-3.3),VTE OR 1.9(95%CI: 1.6-2.0)。
- TAA OR 1.7(95%CI: 1.5-1.9),高血压OR 2.1(95%CI: 1.8-2.3),高胆固醇血症OR 4.1(95%CI: 3.7-4.5),脂蛋白(a) OR 41.0(95%CI: 27.0-62.2)。
- 将整合PRS纳入临床模型改善了风险分类,前瞻性分析确认与 incident cardiovascular outcomes 显著相关。
关键数值与推荐
- 高遗传风险定义为PRS分布前10%(TAA和VTE为前20%),平均风险定义为第26-75百分位(TAA和VTE为第21-80百分位)。
临床怎么用
- 整合PRS可作为临床可开具检测用于8种心血管疾病的遗传风险分层。
- 高遗传风险个体可结合临床模型改善风险分类,但临床效用需前瞻性验证确认。
局限性
- 需要更广泛的前瞻性验证研究来进一步确立临床效用。
以上解读依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载)。
原文
BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) stratify inherited cardiovascular risk, but their path to clinical implementation remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to develop and validate integrated PRS for 8 cardiovascular conditions and outline a framework for their clinical reporting. METHODS: We analyzed genotype and clinical data from 245,394 All of Us Research Program participants. Publicly available PRS for 8 traits-coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes, venous thromboembolism (VTE), thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), extreme hypertension, severe hypercholesterolemia, and elevated lipoprotein(a)-were combined using PRSmix, an elastic-net approach. Integrated PRS were externally validated in 53,306 Mass General Brigham Biobank participants using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and ancestry. RESULTS: Of 53,306 genotyped Mass General Brigham Biobank participants (55.6% women, mean age 53 ± 17 years), integrated PRS demonstrated robust discrimination and appropriate calibration across 8 cardiovascular traits. Comparing high genetic risk (top 10% of PRS distribution, or top 20% for rarer TAA and VTE) vs average risk (26th-75th percentiles, or 21st-80th percentiles for TAA and VTE) yielded ORs: coronary artery disease (3.7 [95% CI: 3.4-4.1]), type 2 diabetes (3.1 [95% CI: 2.8-3.3]), atrial fibrillation (3.0 [95% CI: 2.7-3.3]), VTE (1.9 [95% CI: 1.6-2.0]), TAA (1.7 [95% CI: 1.5-1.9]), hypertension (2.1 [95% CI: 1.8-2.3]), hypercholesterolemia (4.1 [95% CI: 3.7-4.5]), and lipoprotein(a) (41.0 [95% CI: 27.0-62.2]). Incorporating integrated PRS into clinical models improved risk classification, while prospective analyses confirmed significant associations with incident cardiovascular outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Integrated PRS offer an implementable framework for genetic risk reporting, and are now available as a clinically orderable test. Broader prospective validation studies are needed to further establish clinical utility.
引用
- Misra A, Jowell A, Haidermota S, et al. Development and Validation of a Clinical Polygenic Risk Report in U.S.-Based Health Systems for 8 Cardiovascular Conditions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2026. PMID: 42053472. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2026.03.035
供执业医师工作参考,不替代临床判断;数值与分级以指南原文为准。