文献速递心脑血管急症重症综合管理与镇静镇痛

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者中氯唑生坦的血浆与脑脊液药代动力学及其与迟发性脑缺血的关系

Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Clazosentan and its Relationship to Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
PubMed 文献 · Neurocrit Care · 2026-06-02
一句话结论动脉瘤性SAH患者持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h时,血浆浓度随时间下降而脑脊液浓度维持,CSF穿透率升高;发生DCI者在第10–12天CSF穿透率显著更低。

该研究回顾性分析了日本三重县9家卒中中心2023–2025年前瞻性收集的37例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者数据。所有患者在SAH发病48小时内完成动脉瘤闭塞,并持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h,同时采集血浆和脑脊液样本。结果显示总体队列血浆氯唑生坦浓度随时间下降,脑脊液浓度无明显时间变化,脑脊液穿透率随时间升高。DCI发生于7例患者(18.9%),DCI组在SAH后第10–12天的脑脊液穿透率显著低于非DCI组(几何均值比0.3,95%CI 0.1–0.7,p=0.008)。

要点

  • 37例动脉瘤性SAH患者持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h,DCI发生7例(18.9%)。
  • 总体队列血浆氯唑生坦浓度随时间下降(p=0.010),脑脊液浓度无显著时间变化(p=0.190),脑脊液穿透率随时间升高(p<0.001)。
  • 脑脊液穿透率的时间轨迹因DCI状态不同(period-by-DCI交互作用p=0.008)。
  • DCI组在SAH后第10–12天脑脊液穿透率显著低于非DCI组(几何均值比0.3,95%CI 0.1–0.7,p=0.008)。

适用人群与场景

  • 37例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者,平均年龄63.2岁,来自日本三重县9家卒中中心SeCAS注册研究(2023–2025年)。
  • 所有患者在SAH发病48小时内完成动脉瘤闭塞,随后接受持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h。

诊断标准与关键阈值

  • DCI定义为在本队列中发生于7例患者(18.9%),原文未给出具体诊断标准及界值。
  • 原文未提及启动或停止氯唑生坦治疗的阈值标准。

处置流程与药物剂量

  • 动脉瘤闭塞后持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h,同时按SAH后第0–3、4–6、7–9、10–12天时段采集血浆和脑脊液样本。
  • 氯唑生坦血浆和脑脊液浓度采用定量液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,并计算脑脊液穿透率。
  • 原文未提及氯唑生坦的疗程、停药时机或目标浓度。

红旗征与不能漏的情况

  • 发生DCI的患者在SAH后第10–12天脑脊液穿透率显著低于非DCI组(几何均值比0.3,95%CI 0.1–0.7,p=0.008),提示该时段相对脑脊液暴露降低可能与DCI相关。
  • 原文未提及需要立即处理的其他红旗征或具体干预措施。

研究设计与关键结果

  • 研究类型为回顾性分析前瞻性收集的队列数据,纳入37例动脉瘤性SAH患者,来自9家卒中中心。
  • 总体队列血浆氯唑生坦浓度随时间下降(p=0.010);脑脊液浓度无显著时间变化(p=0.190);脑脊液穿透率随时间升高(p<0.001)。
  • 脑脊液穿透率时间轨迹因DCI状态不同(period-by-DCI交互作用p=0.008);DCI组在SAH后第10–12天脑脊液穿透率显著低于非DCI组(几何均值比0.3,95%CI 0.1–0.7,p=0.008)。

证据类型、等级与局限

  • 证据类型为回顾性分析前瞻性队列数据,原文未给出证据等级或推荐强度。
  • 局限包括样本量小(37例)、DCI仅7例、回顾性分析设计,原文未提及更多局限。

对床旁实践的改变

  • 该研究提示在动脉瘤性SAH患者持续静脉输注氯唑生坦10 mg/h时,发生DCI者在SAH后第10–12天脑脊液穿透率更低,但原文未提出改变临床实践的具体建议或治疗阈值。
  • 原文未提及适用或不适用人群的改变,也未提供床旁可操作的剂量调整方案。

指南或共识出处

  • 原文未提及

以上提炼依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取,或许可不允许翻译转载);全文请点「阅读原文」。

英文原文(摘要)· 点击展开

BACKGROUND: Clinical pharmacokinetic data on clazosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), particularly data on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), remain limited. In this study, we evaluated the plasma and CSF concentrations and CSF penetration rate of clazosentan over time, and investigated whether the temporal profile differed between patients with SAH with and without delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI).

METHODS: Clinical data, plasma, and CSF samples from 37 patients (mean, 63.2 years) with aneurysmal SAH prospectively collected in the SeCAS registry (nine stroke centers in Mie Prefecture, Japan, 2023-2025) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent aneurysm obliteration within 48 h of SAH onset and were subsequently treated with continuous intravenous clazosentan (10 mg/h), with simultaneous collection of plasma and CSF over time. Clazosentan concentrations in plasma and CSF at post-SAH days 0-3, 4-6, 7-9, and 10-12 were measured by quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the CSF penetration rate was calculated. Mixed-effect models for repeated measures were used to assess temporal changes and period-by-DCI interactions.

RESULTS: DCI occurred in seven patients (18.9%). In the overall cohort, plasma clazosentan concentrations decreased over time (p = 0.010). CSF concentrations showed no significant temporal change (p = 0.190), whereas the CSF penetration rate increased over time (p < 0.001). The temporal profile of CSF penetration rate differed by DCI status (period-by-DCI interaction, p = 0.008). In pairwise comparisons, the CSF penetration rate at post-SAH days 10-12 was significantly lower in the DCI group (geometric mean ratio 0.3, 95% confidence interval 0.1-0.7, p = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS: During continuous intravenous infusion of clazosentan after SAH, plasma clazosentan concentrations declined while CSF concentrations were maintained, resulting in an increased CSF penetration rate. Lower CSF penetration was observed at days 10-12 in patients who developed DCI, suggesting a potential association between the relative CSF exposure of clazosentan and DCI.

来源:Neurocrit Care,查看原文。版权归原作者所有。

参考来源

  1. Hakozaki, Aoki, Kawakita, et al. Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics of Clazosentan and its Relationship to Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care. 2026. PMID: 42230476. doi:10.1007/s12028-026-02548-6

供执业医师抢救与诊疗参考,不替代临床判断;剂量请结合体重、肝肾功能和本院药品规格复核,以指南原文为准。