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Journal club:新型PDE4B抑制剂nerandomilast治疗IPF的III期试验解读

Journal club
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Richeldi等报告FIBRONEER-IPF III期双盲试验,纳入1177例IPF患者,随机接受nerandomilast 18mg、9mg(每日两次)或安慰剂,主要终点为52周FVC绝对变化。18mg组FVC下降较安慰剂显著减少68.8mL,9mg组减少44.9mL。腹泻为主要不良事件,严重事件平衡。

要点

  • Nerandomilast 18mg bid显著减缓IPF患者FVC下降,较安慰剂差68.8mL
  • 9mg bid同样有效,但效应较小(差44.9mL)
  • 腹泻是主要不良事件(18mg组41.3% vs 安慰剂16.0%)

核心结论

  • Nerandomilast(口服优先PDE4B抑制剂)在IPF患者中显著减少52周FVC下降,且安全性可接受
  • 18mg每日两次的疗效优于9mg,腹泻为最常见不良事件

研究设计与样本

  • III期双盲随机对照试验(FIBRONEER-IPF),332个中心,1177例患者随机1:1:1分配至nerandomilast 18mg、9mg每日两次或安慰剂
  • 按背景抗纤维化使用分层(77.7%同时使用尼达尼布或吡非尼酮)

主要发现

  • 18mg组调整后FVC下降为-114.7mL,安慰剂组为-183.5mL,差68.8mL(95%CI 30.3-107.4; p<0.001)
  • 9mg组差44.9mL(95%CI 6.4-83.3; p=0.02)
  • 腹泻发生率:18mg组41.3%,安慰剂组16.0%;严重事件两组平衡

关键数值与推荐

  • 主要终点:52周FVC绝对变化,18mg组较安慰剂显著改善(p<0.001)
  • 疗效差异:68.8mL(18mg)和44.9mL(9mg),均达统计学意义

临床怎么用

  • 对于IPF患者,尤其对现有治疗不耐受或效果不佳者,nerandomilast可考虑作为新选择
  • 需监测腹泻等不良事件,18mg为推荐起始剂量,必要时可考虑9mg

局限性

  • 试验为短期(52周)结果,长期疗效和安全性需进一步随访
  • 未报告对死亡率或疾病进展的其他硬终点影响

以上解读依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载)。

原文

Nnintedanib and pirfenidone are established therapies in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but limitations with side effect and efficacy leave scope for novel therapies. Richeldi and colleagues report the phase 3 FIBRONEER-IPF trial of nerandomilast, an oral preferential phosphodiesterase-4B inhibitor ( N Engl J Med 2025;392:2193-202. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2414108). In this double-blind trial across 332 sites, 1177 patients were randomised 1:1:1 to nerandomilast 18 mg twice daily, 9 mg twice daily, or placebo, stratified by background antifibrotic use (77.7% were taking nintedanib or pirfenidone). The primary endpoint was absolute change in forced vital capacity (FVC) at week 52. Adjusted FVC decline was –114.7 mL (18 mg) vs –183.5 mL (placebo), a difference of 68.8 mL (95% CI 30.3 to 107.4; p<0.001); the 9 mg dose gave 44.9 mL (95% CI 6.4 to 83.3; p=0.02). Diarrhoea was the dominant adverse event (41.3% with 18 mg nerandomilast vs 16.0% with placebo) and serious events were balanced. Strengths include large size, central HRCT confirmation and strict multiplicity...

来源:Thorax,查看原文。版权归原作者所有。

引用

  1. Thorax:Journal club

供执业医师工作参考,不替代临床判断;数值与分级以指南原文为准。