复发右房粘液瘤表现为肺动脉高压及外周肺动脉瘤
一例55岁女性,3年前曾行右房粘液瘤开放切除术,现因劳力性呼吸困难就诊。经胸超声提示肺动脉高压,CTPA示右肺动脉内充盈缺损,抗凝6个月后仍存在,疑诊慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压。复查CTPA示外周肺动脉进行性囊状扩张,右心导管确认轻度毛细血管前性肺动脉高压,肺动脉造影示外周肺动脉瘤,以右下叶为主。因右下叶外周肺动脉瘤进行性增大,行右下叶楔形切除。
要点
- 右房粘液瘤术后复发可导致肺血管阻塞及外周肺动脉瘤。
- 抗凝后充盈缺损持续存在,需警惕慢性血栓栓塞性肺动脉高压。
- 外周肺动脉瘤进行性增大时,可考虑手术切除。
核心结论
- 复发右房粘液瘤可表现为肺动脉高压及进行性外周肺动脉瘤。
- 外周肺动脉瘤进行性增大时需手术干预。
研究设计与样本
- 病例报告,描述一例55岁女性患者。
- 患者3年前曾行右房粘液瘤切除,现因劳力性呼吸困难就诊。
主要发现
- CTPA显示右肺上叶肺动脉充盈缺损,延伸至右主肺动脉,抗凝6个月后仍存在。
- 复查CTPA显示外周肺动脉相关的多发囊状结构进行性增大,术前(粘液瘤切除前)无此表现。
- 右心导管确认轻度毛细血管前性肺动脉高压,肺动脉造影确认外周肺动脉瘤,以下肺为主(右下叶负荷最高)。
关键数值与推荐
- 经胸超声提示肺动脉高压。
- 右心导管确认轻度毛细血管前性肺动脉高压。
- 抗凝治疗6个月后充盈缺损持续存在。
临床怎么用
- 对右房粘液瘤术后患者,若出现劳力性呼吸困难,应警惕复发及肺血管并发症。
- 对于不典型肺血管充盈缺损,抗凝后不消失时,需考虑非血栓性病因。
- 外周肺动脉瘤进行性增大,可考虑手术切除。
局限性
- 为单例病例报告,结果可能不具普遍性。
- 缺乏长期随访数据及具体的病理结果细节。
以上解读依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载)。
原文
A 55-year-old woman who had undergone open resection of a right atrial myxoma 3 years prior presented with exertional dyspnoea. Transthoracic echocardiography suggested pulmonary hypertension (PH), and CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) showed a large filling defect obstructing the right upper lobe pulmonary artery (PA), extending into and partially obstructing the right main PA ( figure 1A ). These findings persisted after 6 months of anticoagulation, raising concern for chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH). Repeat CTPA also demonstrated progressive enlargement of multiple contrast-opacified saccular structures associated with peripheral PAs ( figure 1B ), which had not been present prior to myxoma resection. Right heart catheterisation confirmed mild precapillary PH, and conventional pulmonary angiography confirmed the presence of peripheral PA aneurysms ( figure 1C ), with the highest burden in the right lower lobe (RLL). Due to progressive enlargement of RLL peripheral PA aneurysms, an RLL wedge resection was performed. Pathology demonstrated...
引用
- Thorax:Recurrent right atrial myxoma presenting as pulmonary hypertension and peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms
供执业医师工作参考,不替代临床判断;数值与分级以指南原文为准。