其他长期疾病中慢阻肺患病率的系统荟萃综述
该荟萃综述汇总17项系统综述，评估慢阻肺在其他长期疾病（LTC）人群中的患病率。结果显示患病率差异大，从中轴型脊柱关节炎的1.8%到肺癌筛查人群的40.1%。结论强调慢阻肺在LTC中普遍存在，需多病共管，机会性病例发现可能有益，诊断标准标准化有助于研究可比性。
要点
- 慢阻肺在多种长期疾病中普遍存在，患病率因疾病和设置而异。
- 肺癌筛查人群中慢阻肺患病率最高，达40.1%。
- 中轴型脊柱关节炎患者中慢阻肺患病率最低，为1.8%。
核心结论
- 慢阻肺在长期疾病中普遍存在，强调多病共管需求，机会性病例发现可能有益。
研究设计与样本
- 系统荟萃综述，检索OVID、EMBASE、CINAHL和PubMed，无日期限制，纳入17项英文系统综述，用ROBIS工具评估偏倚风险。
主要发现
- 慢阻肺患病率在不同长期疾病中差异大，范围从1.8%到40.1%。
- 患病率差异可能受研究人群、研究设置和慢阻肺识别方法影响。
关键数值与推荐
- 中轴型脊柱关节炎患者中慢阻肺患病率为1.8%。
- 肺癌筛查人群中慢阻肺患病率为40.1%。
临床怎么用
- 在其他长期疾病诊疗机构中可考虑机会性慢阻肺病例发现。
- 推广标准化诊断标准以利于研究比较和临床实践。
局限性
- 仅纳入英文系统综述，可能引入语言偏倚。
- 纳入综述间长期疾病人群、设置和诊断方法异质性大。
以上解读依据论文摘要（全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载）。
原文
BMC Pulm Med. 2026 Apr 22;26(1):216. doi: 10.1186/s12890-026-04302-2. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading global health burden that often coexists with other long-term conditions (LTCs). However, the variable prevalence of COPD across LTCs is still under-recognised, which impacts the ability to implement integrated care strategies and targeted case-finding. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-review was to summarise evidence from systematic reviews on the prevalence of COPD in the most prevalent LTCs. METHODS: A systematic search of OVID, EMBASE, CINAHL and PubMed was conducted without date restrictions. Only systematic reviews published in English that reported COPD prevalence in LTC populations were included. The ROBIS tool was used to assess the risk of bias. The data extraction tool included author, year of publication, LTC classification, methods used to diagnose COPD, sample size, study settings, shared risk factors, prevalence estimates and odds/risk ratios. RESULTS: Seventeen systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of COPD varied across LTCs, ranging from 1.8% in axial spondylarthritis to 40.1% among lung cancer screening populations. Differences in COPD prevalence are likely to be influenced by variation in the LTC populations studied, the study settings and the methods used to identify COPD. CONCLUSION: COPD is prevalent across LTCs, which emphasises the need for multimorbidity care. The findings indicate that opportunistic COPD case-finding could be of benefit in settings for other LTCs. Standardisation of diagnostic criteria would make the comparability of studies more straightforward. PMID: 42015087 | PMC: PMC13170323 | DOI: 10.1186/s12890-026-04302-2
引用
- PubMed 高证据 · 肺结节与肺癌筛查：Prevalence of COPD in other long-term conditions: a systematic meta review
供执业医师工作参考，不替代临床判断；数值与分级以指南原文为准。