类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺病治疗:2022年SER-SEPAR建议后的新进展
本文对2020年10月至2025年10月的文献进行系统综述,更新类风湿关节炎相关间质性肺病(RA-ILD)的治疗证据。结果显示,白介素-6抑制剂和JAK抑制剂在控制关节病、保护肺功能、限制影像学进展及降低RA-ILD相关死亡率方面与利妥昔单抗和巴瑞替尼疗效相当,且未显著增加严重呼吸事件;对尼达尼布不耐受的进展性纤维化表型患者可考虑吡非尼酮。
要点
- IL-6抑制剂和JAK抑制剂在RA-ILD中疗效与RTX、ABA相当。
- ABA未显示严重或机会性感染风险更低,四种药物可互换使用。
- 进展性纤维化表型且尼达尼布不耐受者可考虑吡非尼酮。
核心结论
- 新证据扩展了RA-ILD的治疗选择,IL-6抑制剂和JAK抑制剂可作为强化治疗的选项。
研究设计与样本
- 系统文献综述,覆盖2020年10月至2025年10月。
主要发现
- IL-6抑制剂和JAK抑制剂在控制关节病、保护肺功能、限制影像学进展和降低RA-ILD相关死亡率方面与RTX和ABA疗效相当,且未显著增加严重呼吸事件。
- ABA未证明严重或机会性感染风险更低,因此ABA、RTX、抗IL-6和JAK抑制剂四种选项可互换用于需要强化治疗的RA-ILD患者。
- 对进展性纤维化表型且不耐受尼达尼布的患者,可考虑吡非尼酮。
临床怎么用
- RA-ILD患者需强化治疗时,可在ABA、RTX、抗IL-6和JAK抑制剂间互换使用。
- 进展性纤维化表型且尼达尼布不耐受者,可考虑吡非尼酮。
以上解读依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载)。
原文
Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed). 2026 Apr;22(4):502104. doi: 10.1016/j.reumae.2026.502104. Epub 2026 Apr 10. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In 2020, the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (SER) and the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) published joint recommendations on the management of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Since then, new evidence has emerged supporting an update focused on treatment. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted covering the period from October 2020 to October 2025. RESULTS: L-6 and JAK inhibitors (JAKi) show efficacy comparable to rituximab (RTX) and abatacept (ABA) in controlling joint disease, preserving pulmonary function, limiting radiological progression, and reducing RA-ILD-related mortality, without a significant increase in serious respiratory events. ABA has not demonstrated a lower risk of severe or opportunistic infections; therefore, these four options (ABA, RTX, anti-IL6, and JAKi) may be used interchangeably in RA-ILD patients requiring treatment intensification. In those with a progressive fibrosing phenotype and intolerance to nintedanib, pirfenidone may be considered. CONCLUSIONS: Recent evidence has expanded the therapeutic options available for RA-ILD. PMID: 41966849 | DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2026.502104
引用
- 指南共识 · 间质性肺病:Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: What is new since the 2022 SER-SEPAR recommendations?
供执业医师工作参考,不替代临床判断;数值与分级以指南原文为准。