经阴道射频消融治疗症状性子宫肌瘤:系统综述与荟萃分析
该系统综述纳入7项观察性研究共616例患者,评估经阴道射频消融治疗症状性子宫肌瘤的有效性、安全性和生殖结局。12个月肌瘤体积缩小72.4%(95%CI 58.1-86.7%),症状严重度评分平均降低9.8分,再干预率15%(95%CI 5.2-19.8%),主要并发症罕见。生殖数据有限但显示良好安全性,有成功妊娠且无子宫破裂报告。
要点
- TV-RFA可显著缩小肌瘤体积并改善症状,12个月体积缩小72.4%。
- 再干预率15%,主要并发症罕见,安全性较好。
- 生殖数据有限但初步显示安全,需前瞻性研究进一步验证。
核心结论
- TV-RFA是有效、微创、保留子宫的治疗选择,体积缩小显著、症状改善一致且并发症率低。
- 生殖结局初步令人鼓舞,但需稳健的前瞻性研究加强安全性和生育力证据。
研究设计与样本
- 系统综述与荟萃分析,遵循PRISMA 2020指南,注册于PROSPERO(CRD420251174700)。
- 检索PubMed/MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、Cochrane Library、LILACS和SciELO数据库2020年1月至2025年8月发表的文章。
- 纳入报告TV-RFA后临床、影像或生殖结局的观察性研究,共7项研究(n=616)。
- 两名独立评审者提取数据,使用ROBINS-I和Newcastle-Ottawa量表评估偏倚风险。
- 采用随机效应模型(REML)配合Hartung-Knapp调整进行分析。
主要发现
- 12个月 pooled 体积缩小为72.4%(95%CI 58.1-86.7%)。
- 症状严重度评分(SSS)平均降低9.8分。
- 再干预率为15%(95%CI 5.2-19.8%)。
- 主要并发症罕见。
- Meta回归显示基线肌瘤体积与反应程度无关联。
临床怎么用
- TV-RFA可作为症状性子宫肌瘤的微创保留子宫选项,尤其适合希望保留子宫者。
- 术前应告知患者再干预率约15%,并说明生殖数据有限。
- 对有生育需求者,现有证据初步支持安全性,但仍需个体化评估并强调缺乏稳健前瞻性数据。
局限性
- 纳入研究均为观察性研究,证据等级受限。
- 生殖结局数据稀缺,无法充分评估对生育力和妊娠安全性的影响。
- 样本量有限(共616例),需更大规模前瞻性研究验证。
以上解读依据论文摘要(全文未开放获取或许可不允许翻译转载)。
原文
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and reproductive outcomes of transvaginal radiofrequency ablation (TV-RFA) for the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids. DATA SOURCES: We selected articles published between January 2020 and August 2025 from PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO databases. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251174700). We included observational studies reporting clinical, radiological, or reproductive outcomes following TV-RFA. Data extraction was performed by 2 independent reviewers. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Seven studies (n = 616) were included. Analyses utilized random-effects models (REML) with Hartung-Knapp adjustment. The pooled volumetric reduction at 12 months was 72.4% (95% CI, 58.1-86.7%). Improvement in the Symptom Severity Score (SSS) showed a mean reduction of 9.8 points. The reintervention rate was 15% (95% CI, 5.2-19.8%). Major complications were rare. Meta-regression showed no association between baseline fibroid volume and response magnitude. Although scarce, reproductive data indicated a favorable safety profile, with successful pregnancies and no cases of uterine rupture reported. CONCLUSION: TV-RFA appears to be an effective, minimally invasive, uterine-sparing option, demonstrating significant volumetric reduction, consistent symptomatic improvement, and a low complication rate. While initial reproductive results are encouraging, robust prospective studies are needed to strengthen evidence regarding safety and fertility.
引用
- Thomaz GDGR, Kautz LG, Macelaro GP, et al. Transvaginal Radiofrequency Ablation for Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness, Safety, and Reproductive Outcomes. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2026. PMID: 41999860. doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2026.04.006
供执业医师工作参考,不替代临床判断;数值与分级以指南原文为准。