加速康复外科（ERAS）护理对全膝关节置换术患者术后结局的影响。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
目的 本研究旨在评估加速康复外科（ERAS）护理对接受全膝关节置换术（TKA）患者的效果及其对膝关节评分的影响。方法 将100例接受TKA的患者随机分为干预组和对照组，每组50例。对照组接受常规护理，干预组接受ERAS护理。比较两组术后康复指标，包括术后首次经口进食时间、首次排尿时间、首次下床活动时间、直腿抬高时间及住院时间。干预两周后，采用美国膝关节协会评分（AKSS）对两组进行评估。同时评估膝关节活动度（ROM）、视觉模拟评分（VAS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平、炎症因子水平、Lysholm膝关节评分量表评分、Berg平衡量表评分、主动膝关节屈曲达到90°所需时间、AIMS2-SF评分及护理满意度。结果 与对照组相比，干预组术后首次经口进食时间、排尿时间、下床活动时间、直腿抬高时间及住院时间均较短（均P < 0.001）。干预后，与对照组相比，干预组AKSS和ROM评分较高，VAS评分较低，SOD水平较高，IL-1β和TNF-α水平较低（P < 0.001）。此外，干预组Lysholm膝关节评分量表评分（P < 0.001）和Berg平衡量表评分（P < 0.001）较好，达到9 与对照组相比，主动膝关节屈曲0°（P < 0.001），AIMS2-SF评分更高（P < 0.001），护理满意度更高（P = 0.020）。结论：ERAS护理与TKA术后短期康复效果改善、膝关节功能更好、疼痛减轻及患者满意度提高相关。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing on patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its impact on knee joint scores.MethodsOne hundred patients who underwent TKA were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing, while the intervention group received ERAS nursing. Postoperative rehabilitation indicators were compared between the two groups, including the time to first postoperative oral intake, first urination, first ambulation, straight-leg raising, and hospital stay. Two weeks after the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the American Knee Society Score (AKSS). Knee range of motion (ROM), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores, superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, inflammatory factor levels, Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale scores, Berg Balance Scale scores, time to achieve 90° of active knee flexion, AIMS2-SF scores, and nursing satisfaction were also assessed.ResultsThe intervention group had shorter times to first postoperative oral intake, urination, ambulation, straight-leg raising, and hospital stay compared with the control group (all P < 0.001). After the intervention, the intervention group showed higher AKSS and ROM scores, lower VAS scores, higher SOD levels, and lower IL-1β and TNF-α levels compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, the intervention group had better Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale scores (P < 0.001) and Berg Balance Scale scores (P < 0.001), a shorter time to achieve 90° of active knee flexion (P < 0.001), higher AIMS2-SF scores (P < 0.001), and greater nursing satisfaction (P = 0.020) compared with the control group.ConclusionERAS nursing was associated with improved short-term rehabilitation outcomes, better knee function, reduced pain, and higher patient satisfaction following TKA.