短期甜菜根汁补充对训练有素女子排球运动员运动性肌肉损伤后的选择性恢复效应。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：甜菜根汁（BRJ）已被提议作为运动性肌肉损伤（EIMD）恢复的营养辅助手段，但在女性团体项目运动员中的证据有限。此外，其益处是否涵盖功能、疼痛相关、肿胀和力量等多个结局指标仍不清楚。 方法：17名女性大学排球运动员参加了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验。4名受试者未完成第二个周期，因此结局采用线性混合模型进行分析。在基线测试后，受试者完成200次负重纵跳，并在EIMD后24、48和72小时摄入BRJ或安慰剂。恢复结局包括反向纵跳（CMJ）高度、排球专项敏捷性时间、压痛阈值、大腿围度、视觉模拟量表酸痛评分以及膝关节等速肌力指标。采用Holm校正的计划对比进行分析。 结果：CMJ高度是与BRJ相关的最明确的功能性发现。处理×时间交互作用显示出趋于统计学显著的趋势（P = 0.062），且在EIMD后72小时，BRJ条件下的CMJ高度高于安慰剂条件（P = 0.033，d = 1.01）。小腿压痛阈值在72小时时也偏向BRJ组，并伴有显著的处理×时间交互作用（P < 0.001）。相比之下，敏捷性时间和酸痛评分随时间发生变化，但条件间无明显差异；大腿压痛阈值、大腿围度及低速膝关节等速肌力指标未显示出一致的BRJ相关优势。 结论：短期BRJ补充与选择性而非全面的EIMD恢复改善相关，最一致的证据体现在CMJ高度和小腿压痛阈值方面。 在训练有素的女性排球运动员中，补充甜菜根汁并未显示出对运动性肌肉损伤（EIMD）后恢复的广泛性益处。最明确的发现是，在72小时时，甜菜根汁（BRJ）条件下的反向纵跳（CMJ）高度和小腿压痛阈（PPT）高于安慰剂（PLA），而其余指标未显示出一致的与处理相关的差异。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
BACKGROUND: Beetroot juice (BRJ) has been proposed as a nutritional aid for recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), but evidence in female team-sport athletes is limited. It also remains unclear whether any benefit extends across functional, pain-related, swelling, and strength outcomes. METHODS: Seventeen female university volleyball players entered a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Four did not complete the second period, so outcomes were analyzed with linear mixed models. After baseline testing, participants performed 200 loaded vertical jumps and consumed BRJ or placebo at 24, 48, and 72 h post-EIMD. Recovery outcomes were countermovement jump (CMJ) height, volleyball-specific agility time, pressure pain threshold, thigh circumference, visual analog scale soreness, and knee isokinetic measures. Holm-adjusted planned contrasts were used. RESULTS: CMJ height was the clearest BRJ-related functional finding. The treatment × time interaction showed a trend toward statistical significance (P = 0.062), and CMJ height was higher under BRJ than PLA at 72 h post-EIMD (P = 0.033, d = 1.01). Calf pressure pain threshold also favored BRJ at 72 h, accompanied by a significant treatment × time interaction (P < 0.001). In contrast, agility time and soreness changed over time without clear between-condition differences, while thigh pressure pain threshold, thigh circumference, and low-velocity knee isokinetic outcomes showed no consistent BRJ-related advantage. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term BRJ supplementation was associated with selective rather than generalized recovery benefits after EIMD in trained female volleyball players. The clearest findings were higher CMJ height and calf PPT under BRJ than PLA at 72 h, whereas the remaining outcomes showed no consistent treatment-related differences.