世界卫生组织推出新的技术包，帮助各国改进卫生数据，以应对2019冠状病毒病及其他挑战
正文 · 中文译文
今天，作为其加强卫生信息系统和改善健康承诺的一部分[1]，尤其是在COVID-19大流行的背景下，世界卫生组织宣布了一项改善救命数据获取的新方法：SCORE卫生数据技术包。COVID-19大流行凸显了及时、可靠数据对推动战略性卫生行动的迫切需求。仍有太多国家既缺乏常规收集卫生数据的基础设施，也缺乏利用这些数据开展有效卫生行动和应急响应的分析能力。 “各国必须能够衡量进展，才能取得进展，”世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞博士表示。“尤其是在COVID-19期间，可靠的数据是协调应对行动和改善各领域健康的最佳途径。” 准确的卫生数据对于了解各国的具体需求、从而改善健康和挽救生命十分必要。数据还有助于将稀缺资源引导到最需要的地方。 SCORE（调查、计数、优化、评估、赋能）技术包旨在提高及时、可靠、经过验证且可比较的卫生数据的可及性。它首次以统一、协调的一揽子方案呈现了优化卫生信息系统绩效的所有关键要素。简而言之，SCORE将帮助全球各国政府设定基准并提高医疗卫生标准。 为应对世卫组织《2020年世界卫生统计》报告所强调的数据可及性挑战，SCORE包含90多项普遍认可的工具和标准，用于加强卫生信息系统。“利用数据为公共卫生重点和策略提供依据，从未像现在这样重要，”彭博慈善基金会公共卫生项目主任Kelly Henning博士表示[2]。“SCORE技术包为世界各国政府提供了高质量、必不可少的技术指导，使各国能够加强自身的数据系统。”世卫组织很荣幸与彭博慈善基金会数据促进健康倡议合作，向各国提供这一及时的资源。 以下是SCORE如何改善个人生活和社区的一些例子： 儿童的出生得到登记，使其能够获得基本卫生服务、上学和申请护照； 死亡得到登记并准确记录死因，使政策制定者能够更好地了解全因死亡率和新冠特异性死亡率及相关危险因素，并实施挽救生命的规划和政策； 卫生数据按年龄、性别和死因分类，以揭示健康差异的根本原因，并帮助将资源导向最脆弱的群体，例如那些不会说当地语言或在社区中面临污名化和歧视的人。 卫生机构有能力定期衡量其服务、人力和患者数据的质量，并能向国家和国际利益相关方提出有说服力的增加资金的理由； 卫生数据与其他部门相结合，以便解决污染、环境卫生和营养等健康问题社会决定因素，从而减轻总体疾病负担。 该套方案的首批发布包括两份文件： SCORE基本干预措施——包括卫生信息系统概述、基本要素以及用于评估进展的指标和示范行动；以及 SCORE工具与标准——包括用于解决关键卫生数据缺口和加强国家卫生数据的资源。 “我们必须记录得分以挽救生命。世卫组织致力于与各国和伙伴合作，迅速扩大数据收集和使用的能力，以改进政策和绩效，”世卫组织主管数据、分析及影响交付的助理总干事Samira Asma博士补充说。“我们现在必须采取行动，投资于各国的统计系统，应对这场大流行，并实现可持续发展目标和‘三个十亿’目标。我们的机会窗口正在关闭，我们不能等待解决数据缺口。利用数据满足国家需求必须成为当今的优先事项。” 国家自主拥有、按不同维度分列的数据，对于今后建设更具韧性和可持续的卫生体系至关重要。COVID-19既是一记警钟，也严厉地提醒我们仍有许多挑战需要应对。但这也是一次机会，让我们通过团结、信息共享和协作，更好地重建。 SCORE正是协作方法能够使各国受益的一个范例，它提供了一套基于共同标准的通用工具。该技术包的设计注重实用、可操作和灵活。唯有携手合作，我们才能成功抗击COVID-19。 SCORE技术包的后续组成部分计划于今年晚些时候发布，包括SCORE评估工具以及全球、区域和国家状况报告。这些将共同构成一套完整的信息包，用于对照国家和地方重点以及全球目标进行规划和监测进展。 -----[1] https://www.who.int/about/what-we-do/thirteenth-general-programme-of-work-2019---2023#:~:text=The%20Thirteenth%20General%20Programme%20of,health%20at%20the%20country%20leve [2] 彭博慈善基金会“数据促健康”倡议为支持SCORE卫生数据技术包提供了资金
正文 · 英文原文
Today, as part of its commitment to strengthening health information systems and improving health[1], especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO announced a new approach to improving access to life-saving data: the SCORE for Health Data Technical Package. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for timely and reliable data to drive strategic health action. Too many countries still lack both the infrastructure to routinely gather health data and the analytical capacity to use these data for effective health actions and emergency response. “Countries must be able to measure progress to make progress,” said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “Particularly during COVID-19, reliable data is the best way to coordinate response efforts and improve health in all areas.” Accurate health data are necessary to understand specific country needs in order to improve health and save lives. Data also helps direct scarce resources to where they are needed most. The SCORE (Survey, Count, Optimize, Review, Enable) Technical Package aims to improve the availability of timely, reliable, validated, and comparable health data. For the first time in a single, harmonized package, it represents all the key elements for optimized health information system performance. Simply put, SCORE will help governments around the globe set benchmarks and improve standards in healthcare. In response to the challenges of data availability highlighted in the WHO World Health Statistics 2020 report, SCORE includes more than 90 universally-accepted tools and standards for health information systems strengthening. “Using data to inform public health priorities and strategies has never been more important,” said Dr Kelly Henning, Director of Public Health Programs at Bloomberg Philanthropies[2]. “The SCORE Technical Package provides country governments around the world with high-quality, essential technical guidance so that countries can strengthen their own data systems.” WHO is proud to partner with the Bloomberg Philanthropies Data for Health Initiative to deliver this timely resource to countries. Below are some examples of how SCORE can improve individual lives and communities: The birth of a child is registered so they can access essential health services, attend school, and apply for a passport; A death is registered with cause-of-death accurately captured so that policy-makers have a better understanding of all-cause and COVID-specific mortality and associated risk factors and implement programs and policies to save lives; Health data are disaggregated by age, sex and cause of death to illustrate the root causes of health disparities and help direct resources to the most vulnerable groups such as those who do not speak the local language or face stigma and discrimination in their community; Health facilities have the capacity to regularly measure the quality of their services, workforce and patient data and can make a compelling case for increased funding to national and international stakeholders; Health data are integrated with other sectors so that social determinants of health such as pollution, sanitation and nutrition are addressed to reduce the overall burden of disease. The package's initial release includes two documents: SCORE Essential Interventions – including an overview of health information systems, underlying elements, and indicators to assess progress with sample actions; and SCORE Tools and Standards -- including resources to address critical health data gaps and strengthen country health data. “We must keep score to save lives. WHO is committed to working with countries and partners to rapidly scale up capacity for data collection and use in order to improve policy and performance,” added Dr Samira Asma, Assistant Director-General for Data, Analytics and Delivery for Impact at WHO. “We must act now to invest in statistical systems in countries, respond to this pandemic and meet the SDGs and the Triple Billion targets. Our window of opportunity is closing, and we cannot wait to address data gaps. Data use to address country needs has to be a priority today.” Country-owned, disaggregated data will be essential for more resilient and sustainable health systems going forward. COVID-19 is both a wake-up call and a stark reminder of the challenges we still have to address. But it is also an opportunity to build back better through solidarity, information-sharing and collaboration. SCORE is one example of how a collaborative approach can benefit countries by providing a common set of tools based on shared standards. This package is designed to be practical, actionable and flexible. We will only be successful in combatting COVID-19 if we work together. Future components of the SCORE Technical Package are due to be released later this year, including the SCORE Assessment Instrument and global, regional and country status reports. Together, these will provide a complete package of information to plan and monitor progress against national and subnational priorities as well as global targets. -----[1] https://www.who.int/about/what-we-do/thirteenth-general-programme-of-work-2019---2023#:~:text=The%20Thirteenth%20General%20Programme%20of,health%20at%20the%20country%20leve [2] Bloomberg Philanthropies Data for Health Initiative provided funding to support the SCORE for Health Data Technical Package