妊娠期高血压后3-4年时的饮食质量与身体活动：一项产后血压横断面子研究。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
引言：妊娠期高血压疾病（HDP）不仅是全球孕产妇死亡的主要原因，还会导致终身增加的孕产妇心血管疾病（CVD）风险。尽管生活方式干预可能减轻这些风险，但强有力的证据仍不足。 材料与方法：本横断面子研究基于三臂、多中心BP2随机对照试验，主要评估HDP后3-4年女性的饮食质量、身体活动及其与CVD风险标志物的关联，这些女性曾接受HDP后6至12个月实施的不同BP2产后护理/生活方式干预策略。饮食质量采用源自澳大利亚饮食调查的澳大利亚推荐食物评分（ARFS）进行评估。中等至高强度身体活动（MVPA）持续时间采用国际身体活动问卷进行估算。使用线性回归模型检验关键生活方式结局与临床心血管标志物之间的关联。次要生活方式结局包括估算每日能量摄入、食物消费、营养素、特定身体活动类型的估算持续时间与参与情况，以及久坐行为。 结果：在180名参与者中，平均ARFS为33.8 ± 10.5（SD），61%得分<38表明饮食质量欠佳。MVPA中位数为515（IQR 690）分钟/周，87%达到每周至少150分钟的身体活动建议。在BP2生活方式干预策略、HDP亚型（慢性高血压、妊娠期高血压）之间未观察到显著差异。 离子、子痫前期及重叠性子痫前期）或基线体质指数（BMI）类别（< 30 与 ≥ 30 kg/m²）均无显著关联。ARFS 和 MVPA 均未显示出与血压、BMI 或腰围的显著相关性。 结论：尽管此前进行了生活方式干预，但在高血压疾病（HDP）后 3-4 年仍观察到饮食质量不佳，这强调了产后支持及长期生活方式干预以降低 HDP 后心血管疾病（CVD）风险的必要性。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
INTRODUCTION: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), as well as being a leading global cause of maternal mortality, confer lifelong increased maternal cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although lifestyle interventions may mitigate these risks, robust evidence remains scarce. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional sub-study of the three-armed, multicenter BP2 randomised controlled trial primarily assessed diet quality, physical activity, and their association with CVD risk markers in women 3-4 years after HDP, following different BP2 postpartum care/lifestyle intervention strategies implemented between six and 12 months post-HDP. Diet quality was evaluated using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) derived from the Australian Eating Survey. Duration of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated using the International Physical activity Questionnaire. Associations between key lifestyle outcomes and clinical cardiovascular markers were examined using linear regression models. Secondary lifestyle outcomes include estimated daily energy intake, food consumption, nutrients, estimated duration and engagement of specific physical activity types, and sedentary behaviour. RESULTS: In 180 participants, the mean ARFS was 33.8 ± 10.5 (SD), with 61% scoring < 38 indicating suboptimal diet quality. Median MVPA was 515 (IQR 690) minutes/week with 87% meeting physical activity recommendations of at least 150 min/week. No significant differences were observed across BP2 lifestyle intervention strategies, HDP subtypes (chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia), or baseline body mass index (BMI) categories (< 30 vs. ≥ 30 kg/m2). Neither ARFS nor MVPA showed significant associations with blood pressure, BMI, or waist circumference. CONCLUSIONS: Suboptimal diet was observed 3-4 years after HDP despite prior lifestyle interventions, highlighting the need for postpartum support and long-term lifestyle interventions to reduce CVD risks post-HDP.