肌少症与外周动脉疾病血运重建后的结局：一项范围综述。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
目的：肌少症是一种与衰老和慢性疾病相关的退行性骨骼肌疾病，是多个外科领域术后不良结局的公认危险因素。然而，在接受血运重建的外周动脉疾病（PAD）患者中，关于其流行病学、评估方法和预后影响的系统性证据尚缺乏。本范围综述旨在综合现有证据，明确PAD患者中肌少症的患病率、诊断方法及其与术后不良结局的关联，从而为围手术期风险分层和针对性干预提供依据。 方法：本研究遵循Arksey与O'Malley范围综述框架及乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）修订的范围综述方法学开展。从建库至2025年6月30日，检索了PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网（CNKI）、万方数据（WanFang Data）和维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database）中的相关研究。符合条件的研究以中文或英文发表，关注肌少症对PAD患者预后的影响。提取的数据经过整理、分类和汇总。 结果：共纳入12项研究。PAD患者中肌少症的患病率为9.01%至66.67%。大多数现有研究仅基于影像学来源的肌肉参数诊断肌少症，未综合评估肌力和躯体功能。尽管存在这些方法学局限性，影像学可见的肌肉丢失仍与升高的p相关。 PAD患者的术后死亡率、心血管事件风险增加和不良肢体预后。结论：肌少症在PAD患者中普遍存在，并且是术后不良结局的潜在危险因素。当前研究中不一致的诊断标准和显著的方法学异质性限制了现有证据的普遍适用性。未来需要努力建立标准化的、多维度的肌少症评估体系，并需要高质量的前瞻性研究来阐明其围手术期预后价值。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
OBJECTIVES: Sarcopenia, a degenerative skeletal muscle disease associated with aging and chronic diseases, is a recognized risk factor for poor postoperative outcomes in various surgical fields. However, in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) undergoing revascularization, systematic evidence on its epidemiology, assessment practices, and prognostic impact is lacking. This scoping review aims to synthesize available evidence to clarify the prevalence, diagnostic methods, and association between sarcopenia and adverse postoperative outcomes in patients with PAD, thereby informing perioperative risk stratification and targeted interventions. METHODS: This study was conducted following the Arksey & O'Malley scoping review framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) revised scoping review methodology. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database from inception to June 30, 2025. Eligible studies were published in Chinese or English and focused on the impact of sarcopenia on the prognosis of patients with PAD. The extracted data were collated, categorized, and summarized. RESULTS: Twelve studies were included. The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with PAD ranged from 9.01% to 66.67%. Most existing studies diagnosed sarcopenia solely based on imaging-derived muscle parameters without comprehensive assessment of muscle strength and physical function. Despite these methodological limitations, imaging-evident muscle loss was correlated with elevated postoperative mortality, increased risk of cardiovascular events, and poor limb prognosis in patients with PAD. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is prevalent among patients with PAD and serves as a potential risk factor for adverse postoperative outcomes. Inconsistent diagnostic criteria and substantial methodological heterogeneity across current studies restrict the generalizability of available evidence. Future efforts are required to establish a standardized, multidimensional assessment system for sarcopenia, and high-quality prospective studies are needed to clarify its perioperative prognostic value.