以家庭为中心的护理干预对学龄前哮喘儿童哮喘控制及照护者管理能力的影响：系统评价与荟萃分析。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
引言：系统评价以家庭为中心的护理干预对学龄前哮喘儿童哮喘控制及照护者管理能力的影响。 方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、Scopus及中文数据库中自建库至2025年12月发表的随机对照试验（RCTs）。由两名研究者独立完成文献筛选和数据提取，并采用Cochrane随机试验偏倚风险工具（RoB 2.0）进行质量评价。使用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。 结果：共纳入15项RCTs，涉及457名儿童。Meta分析结果显示，与常规护理相比，以家庭为中心的护理干预显著改善了哮喘控制测试评分（MD = 2.49，95% CI：1.15-3.83）、生活质量评分（SMD = 1.02，95% CI：0.52-1.51）及肺功能指标（MD = 6.53，95% CI：1.03-12.03）。此外，以家庭为中心的护理干预显著提高了症状控制率（3项研究，RR = 5.24，95% CI：3.14-8.73）和照护者知识掌握率（3项研究，RR = 2.36，95% CI：1.30-4.29），同时降低了再住院率（3项研究，RR = 0.24，95% CI：0.11-0.55）。 结论：以家庭为中心的护理干预可有效改善学龄前哮喘儿童的临床症状、肺功能及生活质量相关结局，增强照护者的哮喘管理能力并减少医疗资源的使用，值得推广和应 在临床实践中的应用。 系统综述注册：https://inplasy.com/?s=INPLASY202670039，注册号 INPLASY202670039。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
INTRODUCTION: Systematic evaluation of the impact of family-centered nursing interventions on asthma control and caregiver management abilities in preschool children with asthma. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from database inception to December 2025 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, and Chinese databases. Literature screening and data extraction were independently completed by two researchers, and the quality was evaluated by the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0). Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS: A total of 15 RCTs involving 457 children were included. The meta-analysis results showed that, compared with routine care, family-centered nursing interventions significantly improved the Asthma Control Test score (MD = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.15-3.83), quality of life score (SMD = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.52-1.51), and lung function indicators (MD = 6.53, 95% CI: 1.03-12.03). Furthermore, family-centered nursing interventions significantly increased the symptom control rate (3 studies, RR = 5.24, 95% CI: 3.14-8.73) and caregiver knowledge mastery rate (3 studies, RR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.30-4.29), while reducing the rehospitalization rate (3 studies, RR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.11-0.55). CONCLUSION: Family-centered nursing intervention can effectively improve outcomes associated with clinical symptoms, lung function and quality of life in preschool children with asthma, enhance caregivers' asthma management capacity and reduce the use of medical resources, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://inplasy.com/?s=INPLASY202670039, identifier INPLASY202670039.