WHO at COP31: Health Day opens two weeks of activities to deliver on climate change and health
正文 · 中文译文
11月9日星期一，随着《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）第三十一次缔约方会议（COP31）以专门的健康日开幕，健康成为焦点。该方案由COP31主席团在世界卫生组织支持下联合制定，汇集部长、国家代表团、技术专家和民间社会代表，推动环境、气候变化、空气污染、能源与健康交叉领域的解决方案，同时为会议为期两周的讨论和行动设定议程。 健康日包括四场高级别专题讨论和一场聚焦建设有韧性且有活力的卫生系统的部长级圆桌会议。我们的《2025年世卫组织健康与气候变化全球调查》报告指出，尽管关于气候与健康有效做法的知识已经具备，但实施和筹资未能充分满足需求。为弥合这一差距，“安塔利亚健康韧性倡议”（AIR）也于今日启动——这是一项新倡议，旨在将科学证据、国际经验和良好实践转化为具体政策和可衡量的行动，促进各国分享成功实践，并增强卫生系统对气候相关风险的韧性。 “健康是气候行动最有力的论据，”世界卫生组织总部气候变化、能源和空气质量部门负责人迪尔米德·坎贝尔·伦德拉姆博士表示。“通过健康日、安塔利亚健康韧性倡议以及ATACH，世卫组织和缔约方会议主席国正在支持各国将气候与健康行动从知识转化为实施。COP31是一个以资金和政治意愿来支持这一势头的机会。” 健康日也是世卫组织在整个COP31期间以健康为核心的活动方案的起点。从在COP31健康馆举办60多场活动，到在为期两周的会议期间组织高级别专题讨论和圆桌会议，世卫组织将支持全部12个主题日的活动，与各国和伙伴合作，确保健康始终是气候政策、融资和实施的核心考量，并以世卫组织为COP31设定的气候与健康优先事项为基础。 气候危机就是健康危机 世卫组织在COP31的关键信息有三点。气候变化已经在造成可测量的健康危害，其影响在区域和人群之间的分布并不平等。卫生系统必须做到气候韧性、低碳和可持续。而且，健康是气候行动最有力的论据，其协同效益来自减排、以健康为导向的适应、为行之有效的措施提供资金，以及将健康纳入谈判文本。 约35亿人生活在极易受气候变化影响的环境中，过去二十年中，与气候相关灾害导致的死亡有超过90%发生在发展中国家。空气污染（包括燃烧化石燃料产生的污染）在全球造成约700万人死亡。其影响最严重地落在小岛屿发展中国家、缺水地区、受冲突影响的社区、沿海和农业社区，以及孕妇、哺乳期妇女和新生儿、儿童、老年人、原住民和户外工作者身上。 COP31健康日 健康是COP31主席国行动议程中的优先事项，其中“动态且具有韧性的卫生系统”为优先主题8。健康日拉开大会序幕，是展现政治领导力、学习各国经验并展示技术知识的机会。当天的会议包括关于动态且具有韧性的卫生系统、用于气候行动的数字健康、气候敏感型卫生技术、人道主义援助和气候-健康融资等议题，并同期举行部长级圆桌会议。 11月10日，COP31健康馆的ATACH日汇聚气候与健康变革行动联盟（ATACH）成员，举行为期一整天的活动。安塔利亚是落实COP30通过的贝莱姆健康行动计划（BHAP）、通过ATACH加入、续签和报告承诺的时刻。 从知识到影响：启动安塔利亚健康韧性倡议（AIR） COP31主席国今日启动安塔利亚健康韧性倡议（AIR），这是一项自愿性、不具约束力的倡议，旨在分享健康韧性方面的知识和经验。其目的是通过分享案例研究、记录经验、由ATACH促进的同行交流以及综合跨领域经验教训，使世界各地已有的实践经验更便于他人使用。COP31之后，经验库、同行学习和实用资源将通过ATACH共享和培育，在未来的COP周期中传承经验教训。 AIR是弥合各国在2025年全球调查中所报告的差距的关键工具，即知识已经存在，但实施和资助有效做法仍然滞后。然而，前进的道路是明确的。11月4日，世卫组织发布了一项新的技术分析，评估优先气候-健康行动的全球效益和成本，发现仅六项优先行动每年就可挽救160万人的生命，并且每投资1美元可回报24美元。世卫组织进一步呼吁将健康作为气候融资的明确合格领域，并呼吁财政、卫生、环境和能源部门利用世卫组织的经济证据在国家气候政策成本核算中为气候对卫生系统的影响编制预算。 另一项优先行动是减少黑碳，这是一种强效的短寿命气候污染物，世界卫生组织将在COP31上提前预览其即将发布的关于健康影响的报告，强调立即改善空气质量的好处以及对减缓近期变暖的贡献。 展望未来 健康日拉开COP31序幕，并为整个会议设定基调和方向，即健康必须处于气候决策的核心。世界卫生组织将出席会议的每一个主题日，在健康馆及其他场所开展工作，致力于增强健康在谈判中的纳入程度，并支持缔约方将健康纳入国家气候规划。安塔利亚对健康的衡量标准是，自格拉斯哥和贝伦以来作出的承诺是否得到落实、更新和报告。ATACH和AIR为各国提供了在COP31期间及之后实现这一目标的手段。
正文 · 英文原文
On Monday, 9 November, health takes centre stage as the thirty-first session of the Conference of the Parties (COP31) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) opens with a dedicated Health Day. Developed jointly by the COP31 Presidency with the support from the World Health Organization, the programme brings together ministers, country delegations, technical experts and civil society representatives to advance solutions at the intersection of environment, climate change, air pollution, energy and health, while setting the agenda for two weeks of discussions and action across the conference. Health Day includes four high-level panel discussions and a ministerial roundtable focused on building resilient and dynamic health systems. Our 2025 WHO Health and Climate Change Global Survey reports that while the knowledge on what works for climate and health is there, this isn’t adequately met by implementation and financing. To bridge this gap, the Antalya Initiative for Health Resilience (AIR) also launches today – a new initiative that aims to translate scientific evidence, international experience and good practices into concrete policies and measurable actions, promote the sharing of successful practices among countries, and strengthen the resilience of health systems to climate-related risks. “Health is the strongest argument for climate action,” said Dr Diarmid Campbell Lendrum, Head of the Climate Change, Energy, and Air Quality Unit at WHO headquarters. “Through Health Day, the Antalya Initiative for Health Resilience and ATACH, WHO and the COP presidency are supporting countries to move from knowledge to implementation for climate and health action. COP31 is an opportunity to back this momentum with the finance and the political will to deliver.” The Day is also the starting point for WHO's programme of health-focused events throughout COP31. From hosting over 60 events the COP31 Health Pavilion, to organizing high-level panel discussions and roundtables throughout the two weeks of the conference, WHO will support activities on all 12 thematic days, working with countries and partners to ensure health remains a central consideration in climate policy, financing and implementation, building on WHO’s climate and health priorities for COP31 The climate crisis is a health crisis WHO’s key messages at COP31 are threefold. Climate change is already causing measurable harm to health, and its impacts fall unequally on regions and people. Health systems must be made climate-resilient, low-carbon and sustainable. And, health is the strongest argument for climate action, with co-benefits from cutting emissions, adapting with health in mind, financing what works and putting health in the negotiated text. Around 3.5 billion people live in contexts highly vulnerable to climate change, and over 90% of deaths from climate-related disasters in the past two decades occurred in developing countries. Air pollution, including from burning fossil fuels, kills around 7 million people globally. The impacts fall hardest on small island developing states, water-scarce, conflict-affected, coastal and agricultural communities, and on pregnant and lactating women and newborns, children, older people, Indigenous Peoples and outdoor workers. COP31 Health Day Health is a priority in the COP31 Presidency’s Action Agenda, where Dynamic and Resilient Health Systems is Priority Theme 8. Health Day opens the conference, and is an opportunity for political leadership, learning from country experiences and showcasing technical knowledge. The day includes sessions on dynamic and resilient health systems, digital health for climate actions, climate-sensitive health technologies, humanitarian aid and climate-health financing, alongside a ministerial roundtable. On 10 November, ATACH Day at the COP31 Health Pavilion brings together the members of the Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health (ATACH) for a full day of events. Antalya is the moment to implement the Belém Health Action Plan (BHAP) adopted at COP30, to join, renew and report commitments through ATACH. From knowledge to impact: launching the Antalya Initiative for Health Resilience (AIR) The COP31 Presidency today launches the Antalya Initiative for Health Resilience (AIR), a voluntary, non-binding initiative for sharing knowledge and experience on health resilience. Its purpose is to make the practical experiences that are already available around the world easier for others to use, by sharing case studies, documenting experience, peer exchange facilitated by ATACH, and the synthesis of cross-cutting lessons. After COP31, the experience pool, peer learning and practical resources will be shared and cultivated through ATACH, carrying lessons forward across future COP cycles. The AIR is a critical tool for bridging the gap reported by countries in the 2025 global survey, that the knowledge is there but implementing and financing what works continues to lag. However, there are clear pathways forward. On 4 November, WHO published a new technical analysis of the global benefits and costs of prioritised climate-health actions, finding that only six priority actions could save 1.6 million lives a year and return US$ 24 for every dollar invested. WHO is further calling for health to be an explicit eligibility area in climate finance, and for ministries of finance, health, environment and energy to budget for climate impacts on health systems using WHO’s economic evidence in national climate policy costings. Another priority action is the reduction of black carbon, a potent short-lived climate pollutant, on which WHO will share an advance preview of its forthcoming report on health effects at COP31, underscoring the benefit of immediate air-quality gains and a contribution to slowing near-term warming. Looking ahead Health Day opens COP31 and sets the tone and direction for the rest of the conference, that health needs to be at the heart of climate decisions. WHO will be present across every thematic day of the conference, at the Health Pavilion and beyond, working to increase the inclusion of health in the negotiations and supporting Parties to put health in national climate planning. The measure of Antalya for health is whether commitments made since Glasgow and in Belém are implemented, renewed and reported. ATACH and AIR give countries the means to do that, during COP31 and beyond.