虚拟现实干预对自闭症儿童幸福感相关结局的影响：随机对照试验的系统综述与荟萃分析。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：虚拟现实（VR）干预已越来越多地应用于自闭症儿童的治疗和教育情境中。 目的：对随机对照试验进行系统综述和荟萃分析，以考察VR干预对自闭症儿童主观幸福感（SWB）和心理幸福感（PWB）相关结局的影响。 方法：本荟萃分析按照PRISMA指南进行。首先，检索了七个电子数据库：PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PsycINFO、ProQuest Central和IEEE Xplore。随后，确定了十项符合条件的研究。最后，进行数据提取，并分别采用随机效应模型对SWB相关结局和PWB相关结局的效应量进行合并。同时还进行了异质性检验、敏感性分析、发表偏倚检验和质量评价。 结果：VR对SWB相关结局产生了正向但不显著的效应（g = 0.37，95% CI [-0.03, 0.78]，z = 1.80，p = 0.07），而VR对PWB相关结局产生了统计学上显著的正向效应（g = 0.45，95% CI [0.27, 0.63]，z = 4.87，p < 0.05）。 结论：合并分析显示，VR干预对自闭症儿童的PWB相关结局具有统计学上显著的正向效应。然而，鉴于70%的纳入随机试验在偏倚风险方面存在一些担忧，且仅有八个效应量纳入了该合并估计，对这一发现应谨慎解读。当前证据支持 虚拟现实（VR）在研究导向的临床和教育环境中具有初步前景，而非直接的现实世界临床应用，而其改善主观幸福感（SWB）相关结局的潜力仍有待进一步研究。 系统综述注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261411309。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) interventions have been increasingly employed in therapeutic and educational contexts for autistic children. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of VR interventions on outcomes related to subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB) among autistic children. METHOD: This meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. First, seven electronic databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central, and IEEE Xplore. Subsequently, ten eligible studies were identified. Finally, data extraction was conducted, and effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models for SWB-related outcomes and PWB-related outcomes, respectively. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analyses, publication bias tests, and quality assessment were also performed. RESULTS: VR yielded a positive yet nonsignificant effect on SWB-related outcomes (g = 0.37, 95% CI [-0.03, 0.78], z = 1.80, p = 0.07), whereas VR produced a statistically significant positive effect on PWB-related outcomes (g = 0.45, 95% CI [0.27, 0.63], z = 4.87, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Pooled analyses revealed a statistically significant positive effect of VR interventions on PWB-related outcomes among autistic children. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution given that 70% of included randomized trials had some concerns regarding risk of bias and only eight effect sizes contributed to this pooled estimate. Current evidence supports tentative promise for VR within research-oriented clinical and educational contexts rather than immediate real-world clinical application, while its potential for enhancing SWB-related outcomes remains to be further investigated. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261411309.