8天至5岁儿童尿路感染诊断与治疗的临床实践指南。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
尿路感染（UTI）是婴幼儿最常见的细菌感染之一，在发热婴儿中的患病率为7%。本临床实践指南（CPG）更新了2011年美国儿科学会（AAP）关于婴幼儿尿路感染诊断和管理的临床实践指南的文献和临床建议。该指南旨在为儿科医生和其他儿科临床医生提供对8天至5岁婴幼儿尿路感染的诊断和管理指导，适用于各种医疗环境中医学复杂性较低的儿童。该临床实践指南附有3篇技术报告，以进一步阐明指导建议制定的数据并确立尿路感染的诊断标准。采用推荐分级评估、制定与评价（GRADE）方法评估证据确定性，并制定建议和良好实践声明，包括GRADE证据-决策框架，该框架由内部和外部贡献者审查。该临床实践指南提供了8项关键行动声明（2项强推荐和6项条件性临床推荐，证据确定性从低至极低）和4项良好实践声明，涉及疑似尿路感染的医学评估、针对抗生素治疗的尿路感染管理、结构异常的影像学检查和预防策略，包括膀胱输尿管反流，以及膀胱和肠道功能障碍的评估与治疗。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants and young children, with a prevalence of 7% in infants with fever. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) provides an update of the literature and clinical recommendations of the 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) CPG on diagnosing and managing UTI in infants and children. It is designed to provide guidance for pediatricians and other pediatric clinicians on the diagnosis and management of UTIs in infants and children 8 days to 5 years of age and is intended for use in children with low medical complexity across a variety of settings. The CPG is accompanied by 3 technical reports to further elucidate the data that guided the development of recommendations and to establish criteria for the diagnosis of UTI. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence and formulate recommendations and good practice statements, including GRADE evidence-to-decision frameworks, which were reviewed by internal and external contributors. The CPG provides 8 Key Action Statements (2 strong and 6 conditional clinical recommendations, ranging from low to very low certainty of evidence) and 4 Good Practice Statements regarding medical evaluation of suspected UTI, management of UTI specific to antibiotic treatment, and imaging modalities and prevention strategies for structural abnormalities, including vesicoureteral reflux, and bowel and bladder dysfunction evaluation and treatment.