自我操作的家庭超声用于产前用力训练：一项概念验证研究。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
目的：评估初产妇使用自行操作的家庭超声进行视觉生物反馈训练的可行性和可接受性，使产妇能够在分娩前可视化胎头下降并练习第二产程用力。 方法：这是一项在正在进行的随机对照试验框架内开展的前瞻性可行性研究。孕37-41周的足月初产妇在院内接受了一次经会阴超声视觉生物反馈课程，包括实时评估进展角。随后指导参与者在家庭训练中使用自行操作的手持式超声设备。录制超声片段并进行离线审阅。可行性结局包括课程完成率、可判读片段的比例以及成功获取进展角（AoP）测量值的比例。可接受性通过开放式反馈及参与者报告的推荐该干预措施的意愿进行评估。 结果：共纳入30名女性，其中25名（83%）完成了至少一次家庭训练课程。共记录96次家庭训练课程（每名参与者中位数3次，IQR 1.0-Ff.0，范围0-10），其中88次（92%）可判读用于AoP分析。家庭训练期间的指导性用力动作引起了AoP的可测量变化（平均ΔAoP 14.4° ± 8.8°）。未报告器械相关不良事件。 结论：自行操作的家庭经会阴超声视觉生物反馈用于产前用力训练是可行、安全且接受度良好的。参与者能够获取可判读的i 图像并有效参与生物反馈过程。这些发现支持在更大规模的研究中进一步评估该方法，以考察其对分娩结局的影响及其融入基于远程医疗的产前保健的可能性。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of self-operated home ultrasound for visual biofeedback training among nulliparous women, enabling visualization of fetal head descent and practice of second-stage pushing prior to labor. METHODS: This was a prospective feasibility study conducted within the framework of an ongoing randomized controlled trial. Term nulliparous women at 37-41 weeks' gestation underwent an in-hospital transperineal ultrasound session with visual biofeedback, including real-time assessment of the angle of progression. Participants were subsequently instructed to perform home training using a self-operated handheld ultrasound device. Ultrasound clips were recorded and reviewed offline. Feasibility outcomes included session completion rates, proportion of interpretable clips, and successful acquisition of AoP measurements. Acceptability was assessed through open-ended feedback and participants' reported willingness to recommend the intervention. RESULTS: Thirty women were enrolled, of whom 25 (83%) completed at least one home training session. A total of 96 home sessions were recorded (median 3 per participant, IQR 1.0-Ff.0, range 0-10), of which 88 (92%) were interpretable for AoP analysis. Coached pushing efforts during home training resulted in measurable changes in AoP (mean ΔAoP 14.4° ± 8.8°). No device-related adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION: Self-operated home transperineal ultrasound for visual biofeedback is feasible, safe, and well accepted for pre-labor pushing training. Participants were able to acquire interpretable images and engage effectively with the biofeedback process. These findings support further evaluation of this approach in larger studies assessing its impact on labor outcomes and its integration into telemedicine-based prenatal care.