抗击被忽视热带病的进展需要持续行动
正文 · 中文译文
世界卫生组织（WHO）今日报告了全球在被忽视热带病（NTD）方面取得的重大进展，截至2026年6月，已有63个国家消除了至少一种被忽视热带病，而2020年底这一数字为42个。 WHO《2026年全球被忽视热带病报告》是对2021–2030年被忽视热带病路线图的中期评估，显示越来越多的国家正在消除被忽视热带病，需要治疗的人数也在减少。研究结果显示，2024年需要干预的人数降至14.1亿，自2010年以来下降36%，自2020年以来下降19%。自1999年以来，昏睡病病例下降了98%，而麦地那龙线虫病在2025年降至仅10例人间病例的历史最低纪录。 “消除被忽视热带病是全球卫生领域最突出的成功故事之一，”WHO总干事谭德塞博士说。“然而，我们来之不易的成果很容易丧失，因此各国和合作伙伴必须加大力度而非退缩，通过增加国内融资、维持外部支持并将被忽视热带病服务纳入初级卫生保健。目标不仅是消除疾病，还要使社区摆脱残疾、毁容、死亡和代际贫困。” 科学进步提供了预防和治疗被忽视热带病的新工具，例如WHO预认证的用于血吸虫病的儿童友好型吡喹酮、用于利什曼病的仿制药米替福新以及一种登革热疫苗。两种基孔肯雅热疫苗以及用于盘尾丝虫病和人间非洲锥虫病的新药也已获得监管批准。 尽管该报告表明在应对多种疾病方面取得了重大进展，但也凸显了进展不均衡，并显示这些疾病继续对世界上最贫困和最脆弱的群体造成不成比例的影响。 2024年登革热病例达到创纪录的1510万例，媒介传播的被忽视热带病（NTD）死亡人数上升，雅司病消除已偏离轨道。只有三项疾病特异性指标达到了其2025年里程碑。全面且及时的数据（包括按性别分列的数据）存在缺口，也使进展难以衡量。 针对被忽视热带病的国际发展援助仍然高度集中，2018年至2024年间少数捐助方占总额的近80%。这种集中使被忽视热带病规划特别容易受到支持骤减的影响，已扰乱了大规模治疗、病例管理、监测和病媒控制，并使捐赠药品面临过期风险。 总体而言，被忽视热带病可用资源仍比COVID-19前水平低30%，一些规划的专项资助几乎已完全消失。 与此同时，各国正在展示如何使进展更具可持续性。越来越多被忽视热带病流行国家正在将该类疾病纳入国家卫生战略、基本服务包和国内预算。通过共享服务为多种被忽视热带病提供干预措施以提高效率的努力也在取得进展：采用世界卫生组织推荐的皮肤被忽视热带病策略的国家数量已超过2030年目标。 报告得出结论，需要采取更快、更持续的行动来实现2030年目标，同时承认在资源有限的情况下取得的进展。报告呼吁受影响国家增加国内筹资，将被忽视热带病干预措施纳入全民健康覆盖，并在需要时使规划适应冲突环境和气候变化。 报告还呼吁捐助方扩大对被忽视热带病干预措施的支持范围，并呼吁受援国实现资金来源多元化，以减少依赖性和脆弱性。距离2030年仅剩五年时间，需要加快行动以保护脆弱的成果并弥合持续存在的差距。 编者注 被忽视热带病会带来毁灭性的健康、社会和经济后果。其负担主要集中在贫困社区。控制、消除和根除这些疾病的公共卫生目标已在《2021-2030年被忽视热带病路线图》中确定。该路线图旨在到2030年将需要被忽视热带病干预措施的人数减少90%，将被忽视热带病相关残疾和过早死亡减少75%，使100个国家能够消除至少一种被忽视热带病，并根除麦地那龙线虫病和雅司病。通过科学和卫生创新，世界卫生组织与国家和伙伴合作，推进更好的诊断方法、药物和疫苗，加强监测和数据，将被忽视热带病的预防和照护纳入国家卫生系统，帮助将科学进步转化为受影响最严重社区更健康的生活。 关于世界卫生组织 世界卫生组织致力于增进所有人的福祉，并以科学为指导，领导和倡导全球努力，让世界各地的每个人都享有获得安全健康生活的平等机会。我们是联合国的卫生机构，在150多个地点连接各国、合作伙伴和人民——引领全球应对突发卫生事件、预防疾病、解决健康问题的根本原因并扩大药品和医疗服务的可及性。我们的使命是支持所有国家促进、提供和保护健康。“携手为健康，与科学站在一起”是2026年世界卫生日的主题，标志着为期一年的宣传活动，旨在突出科学作为保护全球健康与福祉的基础。
正文 · 英文原文
The World Health Organization (WHO) today reported major global progress against neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), with 63 countries having eliminated at least one NTD by June 2026, up from 42 at the end of 2020. WHO’s Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2026, a midterm assessment of the 2021–2030 NTD road map, shows that more countries are eliminating NTDs and fewer people need treatment. Findings reveal that the number of people requiring interventions fell to 1.41 billion in 2024, down 36% since 2010 and 19% since 2020. Cases of sleeping sickness have dropped by 98% since 1999, while Guinea worm disease fell to a record low of just 10 human cases in 2025. “Elimination of neglected tropical diseases is one of the standout success stories of global health," said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “However, the hard-won gains we have made could easily be lost, so countries and partners must step up, not step back, by increasing domestic financing, sustaining external support and integrating NTD services into primary health care. The goal is not only to eliminate diseases, but to free communities from disability, disfigurement, death and generational poverty.” Advances in science offer new tools to prevent and treat NTDs, such as WHO-prequalified child-friendly arpraziquantel for schistosomiasis, generic miltefosine for leishmaniasis and a dengue vaccine. Two chikungunya vaccines and new medicines for onchocerciasis and human African trypanosomiasis have also received regulatory approval. While the report signals major progress against many diseases, it also highlights uneven progress and shows that these diseases continue to disproportionately affect the world’s poorest and most vulnerable communities. Dengue cases reached a record 15.1 million in 2024, deaths from vector-borne NTDs have risen, and yaws eradication is off track. Only three disease-specific indicators reached their 2025 milestones. Gaps in comprehensive and timely data , including data disaggregated by gender, also make progress difficult to measure. International development assistance for NTDs remains highly concentrated, with a small number of donors accounting for nearly 80% of the total between 2018 and 2024. This concentration has made NTD programmes particularly vulnerable to abrupt reductions in support, which have disrupted mass treatment, case management, surveillance and vector control, and put donated medicines at risk of expiring. Overall, resources available for NTDs remain 30% below pre-COVID-19 levels, and dedicated funding for some programmes has all but disappeared. At the same time, countries are demonstrating how progress can be made more sustainable. More countries where NTDs are prevalent are mainstreaming NTDs into national health strategies, essential service packages, and domestic budgets. Efforts to improve efficiency by delivering interventions for several NTDs through shared services are also gaining ground: the number of countries adopting the WHO-recommended skin NTD strategy has already exceeded the 2030 target. The report concludes that faster and sustained action will be needed to meet the 2030 targets, while recognizing the progress achieved despite limited resources. It calls on affected countries to increase domestic financing and integrate NTD interventions into universal health coverage and adapt programmes to conflict settings and climate change where needed. It also calls on donors to broaden their support across NTD interventions, and on recipient countries to diversify their funding sources to reduce dependency and vulnerability. With five years remaining to 2030, accelerated action is needed to protect fragile gains and close persistent gaps. Note for editors Neglected tropical diseases are associated with devastating health, social and economic consequences. Their burden is mainly experienced in impoverished communities. Public health targets for the control, elimination and eradication of these conditions were defined in the road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030. It aims by 2030 to reduce by 90% the number of people requiring NTD interventions, reduce NTD-related disability and premature death by 75%, enable 100 countries to eliminate at least one NTD, and eradicate Guinea worm disease and yaws. Through science and health innovation, WHO works with countries and partners to advance better diagnostics, medicines and vaccines, strengthen surveillance and data, and integrate NTD prevention and care into national health systems, helping translate scientific progress into healthier lives for the communities most affected. About WHO Dedicated to the well-being of all people and guided by science, WHO leads and champions global efforts to give everyone, everywhere, an equal chance at a safe and healthy life. We are the United Nations’ agency for health that connects nations, partners and people in more than 150 locations – leading the world’s response to health emergencies, preventing disease, addressing the root causes of health issues and expanding access to medicines and health care. Our mission is to support all countries to promote, provide and protect health. “Together for health. Stand with science”, the theme of World Health Day 2026, marks a year-long campaign to highlight science as the foundation for protecting health and well-being worldwide.