与帕金森病相关的口腔微生物群：一项系统综述。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
目的：评估现有关于口腔微生物群组成与帕金森病（PD）之间关联的证据，包括其与疾病严重程度和临床特征的关系。 方法与结果：本系统综述在PROSPERO注册（CRD42024560059），并按照PRISMA 2020声明开展。检索在PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、LILACS、Scopus和SciELO中进行。纳入评估成人PD患者口腔微生物群的观察性研究。共分析11项研究，以病例对照研究为主，其中90.9%使用了16S rRNA测序。与PD最常相关的属为乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）（45.45%）、普雷沃菌属（Prevotella）（36.7%）和链球菌属（Streptococcus）（36.7%）。大多数研究报告了β多样性差异，表明PD患者具有不同的口腔微生物谱。在一些研究中，较高的乳杆菌属丰度和较低的奈瑟菌属（Neisseria）丰度与更严重的疾病和更差的认知表现相关。根据GRADE方法，证据确定性极低。 结论：现有证据提示PD与口腔微生物群组成的改变相关。然而，由于证据主要来自观察性研究，无法确立因果关系。需要使用标准化微生物组方法学的纵向研究来验证这些微生物特征作为候选生物标志物。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
AIMS: To evaluate the available evidence on the association between oral microbiota composition and Parkinson's disease (PD), including its relationship with disease severity and clinical features. METHODS AND RESULTS: This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024560059) and conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and SciELO. Observational studies evaluating the oral microbiota of adults with PD were included. Eleven studies, predominantly case-control, were analyzed, with 16S rRNA sequencing used in 90.9% of them. The genera most frequently associated with PD were Lactobacillus (45.45%), Prevotella (36.7%), and Streptococcus (36.7%). Most studies reported differences in beta diversity, indicating a distinct oral microbial profile in patients with PD. Higher Lactobacillus abundance and lower Neisseria abundance were associated with greater disease severity and poorer cognitive performance in some studies. According to the GRADE approach, the certainty of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that PD is associated with alterations in oral microbiota composition. However, because the evidence is derived predominantly from observational studies, causal relationships cannot be established. Longitudinal studies using standardized microbiome methodologies are needed to validate these microbial signatures as candidate biomarkers.