紫外线照射与儿童哮喘的家庭微生物组：一项探索性环境分析。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：已证明安装在集中供暖、通风和空调系统中的紫外线（UV）过滤装置可改变室内环境微生物组（EM），但作为靶向干预措施的集中式UV空气过滤系统是否能充分改变EM从而改善哮喘结局仍不清楚。目的：目的是研究在轻度至中度持续性哮喘儿童家中安装集中式UV过滤系统前后采集的灰尘样本中微生物组的变化。方法：入组的哮喘儿童受试者被随机分配在其供暖、通风和空调系统中接受UV过滤装置或假装置。在设备放置时和研究完成时（12个月），从两个最大招募点随机分配的前20户家庭的炉过滤器 and 每名儿童卧室进风管道中采集灰尘样本，同时通过使用复合哮喘严重程度指数定期测量哮喘结局标志物。对每份配对灰尘样本的微生物DNA进行鸟枪法宏基因组测序，并使用MetaPhlAn 4生成分类学图谱。使用R中的微生物组多变量线性模型关联评估细菌物种丰度变化与哮喘严重程度变化之间的关联。结果：共有14份来自进风管道且灰尘量充足的配对灰尘样本（7份来自UV家庭，7份来自假装置家庭）被纳入EM分析。在UV过滤家庭内，错误发现率 校正后q值<0.05确定了哮喘严重程度加重与常见胃肠道共生菌（如拟杆菌属和双歧杆菌属）相对丰度降低之间的关联，这些菌群此前已被认为与过敏性疾病和哮喘风险降低相关；在假处理家中未观察到该阈值下的关联。结论：一项在哮喘儿童家中安装紫外线空气过滤装置的探索性研究发现了一些可产生假说的关联，即细菌种类变化与哮喘严重程度之间的关联；由于该研究在组间比较方面把握度不足，这些发现不能证明紫外线空气过滤导致了微生物组变化，也不应被解释为对紫外线特异性效应的确证。临床试验NCT02715375，www.clinicaltrials.gov。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
Background: Ultraviolet (UV) filtration units installed into central heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems have been shown to modify indoor environmental microbiomes (EM), but it remains unclear whether central UV air filtration systems as a targeted intervention alters the EM sufficiently to modify asthma outcomes. Objective: The objective was to investigate changes in the microbiome from dust samples collected before and after installation of a central UV filtration system in homes of children with mild-moderate persistent asthma. Methods: Enrolled pediatric subjects with asthma were randomized to receive UV filtration or sham devices in their heating, ventilation, and air conditioning units. Dust samples were collected from the furnace filters and each child's bedroom inflow air ducts from the first 20 homes randomized at the two largest recruiting sites at the time of device placement and at study completion (12 months), along with periodic measurements of asthma outcomes markers by using the Composite Asthma Severity Index. Microbial DNA from each paired dust sample underwent shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and taxonomic profiles were generated with MetaPhlAn 4. Associations between changes in bacterial species abundance and changes in asthma severity were assessed with Microbiome Multivariable Associations with Linear Models in R. Results: A total of 14 paired dust samples (7 from the UV homes and 7 from the sham homes) from inflow air ducts with sufficient quantity of dust were included for EM analysis. Within the UV filtration homes, false discovery rate adjusted q-values < 0.05 identified associations between worsening asthma severity and reduced relative abundance of common gastrointestinal commensals, such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium, previously linked to a reduced risk of allergic disease and asthma; no associations at this threshold were observed in the sham homes. Conclusion: An exploratory study of UV air filtration units installed in homes of children with asthma identified hypothesis-generating associations between bacterial species changes and asthma severity; because the study was underpowered for between-arm comparisons, these findings do not establish that UV air filtration caused the microbiome changes and should not be interpreted as confirmatory of a UV-specific effect.Clinical trial NCT02715375, <ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov">www.clinicaltrials.gov</ext-link>.