雄激素性脱发患者代谢综合征的患病率：当前证据的分析。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：雄激素性脱发（AGA）是最常见的非瘢痕性脱发，其患病率随年龄增长而增加。既往关于AGA与代谢综合征（MetS）的荟萃分析主要集中于关联性和风险估计。我们量化了AGA患者中MetS及其各组分的患病率。 方法：检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、CNKI、VIP和万方数据从建库至2026年7月的横断面研究和队列研究。采用经logit转换的随机效应模型（限制性最大似然估计）合并患病率估计值。在可估计时报告95%置信区间（CI）、I²、τ²和95%预测区间（PI）。考察的亚组包括地区、性别、AGA严重程度、MetS定义和研究质量。敏感性分析评估稳健性。对来自≥10项研究的结果进行Egger检验以评估发表偏倚。 结果：共纳入28项研究。MetS患病率为23.7%（12项研究；3，623名参与者；95% CI，15.5%-34.5%；I² = 95.4%；95% PI，3.7%-71.7%）。腹型肥胖、高血压或血压升高、糖尿病、血脂异常、高甘油三酯血症、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高和high-density lipoprotein cholesterol降低的患病率估计分别为36.0%、30.7%、13.3%、24.5%、23.6%、30.0%和28.8%。各结局间异质性显著；低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高的估计仅基于两项研究。MetS患病率在轻度、中度和重度AGA中分别为19.7%、30.8%和44.2%，r 分别为，尽管分级系统各不相同。在逐一剔除分析中，合并的MetS估计值范围为21.1%至25.9%；其他至少有七项研究的结果也基本未变；然而，异质性持续存在。来自女性患者的证据有限（4项研究，765名参与者）。 结论：MetS及若干代谢异常在AGA患者中较为常见，尽管各研究间的估计值差异较大。早期评估可能有助于该人群的全面健康管理。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
BACKGROUND: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common non-scarring alopecia, and its prevalence increases with age. Previous meta-analyses of AGA and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have focused mainly on associations and risk estimates. We quantified the prevalence of MetS and its components among patients with AGA. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data were searched from inception to July 2026 for cross-sectional and cohort studies. Prevalence estimates were pooled using logit-transformed random-effects models with restricted maximum likelihood estimation. We report 95% confidence intervals (CIs), I², τ², and 95% prediction intervals (PIs) when estimable. Examined subgroups included region, sex, AGA severity, MetS definition, and study quality. Sensitivity analyses assessed robustness. Egger's test was performed to assess outcomes derived from ≥10 studies. RESULTS: Twenty-eight studies were included. MetS prevalence was 23.7% (12 studies; 3,623 participants; 95% CI, 15.5%-34.5%; I² = 95.4%; 95% PI, 3.7%-71.7%). Prevalence estimates for abdominal obesity, hypertension or elevated blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 36.0%, 30.7%, 13.3%, 24.5%, 23.6%, 30.0%, and 28.8%, respectively. Heterogeneity was substantial across outcomes; the elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol estimate was based on only two studies. MetS prevalence was 19.7%, 30.8%, and 44.2% in mild, moderate, and severe AGA, respectively, although grading systems varied. In leave-one-out analyses, the pooled MetS estimate ranged from 21.1% to 25.9%; other outcomes with at least seven studies were also broadly unchanged; however, heterogeneity persisted. Evidence from female patients was limited (4 studies, 765 participants). CONCLUSION: MetS and several metabolic abnormalities are common among patients with AGA, although estimates vary substantially across studies. Early assessment may support comprehensive health management in this population.