低收入和中等收入国家基于模拟的新生儿复苏培训：范围综述。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：低中收入国家（LMICs）的新生儿死亡率仍然很高，在这些国家，基于模拟的培训可以提升一线提供者的复苏技能。本范围综述梳理了LMICs中针对护士、助产士和接生员的基于模拟的新生儿复苏培训证据。 方法：遵循PRISMA-ScR指南，检索了三个数据库（Pubmed、Google scholar和Epistemonikos）2015年至2025年间针对LMICs护士/助产士的模拟培训研究。两名评审者筛选标题/摘要和全文，提取干预设计、结局、促进因素和障碍方面的数据。 结果：共纳入17项研究，主要来自坦桑尼亚（n = 6）、印度（n = 4）、乌干达、肯尼亚、巴基斯坦、赞比亚、利比里亚和拉丁美洲。干预措施包括帮助婴儿呼吸（HBB；n = 9）、PRONTO（n = 3）和低剂量复训，在持续时间（1-6天）、仿真度（低-高）和随访（即刻至12个月）方面各不相同。提供者在知识、技能（球囊-面罩通气熟练度）和信心方面均有提升，但若无复训，保留效果会减弱。障碍包括设备短缺、人员不足和整合挑战。 结论：模拟培训对LMIC提供者而言在短期内可行且有效，支持如HBB配合指导的可扩展模式。在长期新生儿结局和定性见解方面存在空白，值得开展随机试验并将政策重点放在可持续性上。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
BACKGROUND: Neonatal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where simulation-based training could enhance frontline providers' resuscitation skills. This scoping review maps evidence on simulation-based neonatal resuscitation training for nurses, midwives, and birth attendants in LMICs. METHODS: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, three databases (Pubmed, Google scholar and Epistemonikos) were searched from 2015 to 2025 for studies on simulation training targeting nurses/midwives in LMICs. Two reviewers screened titles/abstracts and full texts, charting data on intervention design, outcomes, facilitators, and barriers. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included, mainly from Tanzania (n = 6), India (n = 4), Uganda, Kenya, Pakistan, Zambia, Liberia, and Latin America. Interventions included Helping Babies Breathe (HBB; n = 9), PRONTO (n = 3), and low-dose refreshers, varying in duration (1-6 days), fidelity (low-high), and follow-up (immediate to 12 months). Providers showed gains in knowledge, skills (bag-mask ventilation proficiency), and confidence, but retention waned without refreshers. Barriers encompassed equipment scarcity, staffing shortages, and integration challenges. CONCLUSIONS: Simulation training is feasible and effective short-term for LMIC providers, supporting scalable models like HBB with mentoring. Gaps in long-term neonatal outcomes and qualitative insights warrant randomized trials and policy focus on sustainability.