限制游离糖饮食对多囊卵巢综合征女性人体测量学参数、血脂谱及血糖控制的影响：一项随机对照试验。
完整摘要 · 中文译文
背景：富含果糖和其他单糖的高糖饮食与脂肪生成增加和胰岛素抵抗相关，可能增加代谢综合征的风险，而代谢综合征与多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）密切相关。本研究旨在评估限制游离糖饮食对PCOS女性人体测量参数、血脂谱和血糖控制的影响。 方法：在这项随机对照临床试验中，74名年龄18-45岁、确诊为PCOS的女性被随机分配至限制游离糖饮食组（n = 37）或标准饮食组（n = 37），干预12周。在基线和研究结束时测量人体测量指标、空腹血糖（FBG）、血清胰岛素、胰岛素（HOMA-IR）、胰岛素敏感性（QUICKI）以及血脂谱参数，包括甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇。 结果：与对照组相比，干预组体重和体质指数（BMI）显著降低（分别为P = 0.017和P = 0.026）。与对照组相比，干预组FBG显著降低（P < 0.001），QUICKI升高（P = 0.022），尽管QUICKI在校正混杂因素后失去显著性。两组在12周内TC和LDL均显著降低，而TG水平仅在干预组显著下降（P = 0.001）。组间比较显示TG存在显著差异（P = 0.037）， 以及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）差异接近显著（P = 0.054）。校正混杂因素后，干预组除LDL外的血脂谱组分均改善。 结论：本研究表明，12周限制游离糖饮食可导致多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）女性体重减轻，并改善血糖和血脂谱参数。 试验注册：IRCT20230615058489N1；伊朗临床试验注册中心（https://www.irct.ir）；注册日期：2023年6月25日。
完整摘要 · 英文原文
BACKGROUND: High-sugar diets rich in fructose and other simple sugars are associated with increased lipogenesis and insulin resistance, potentially increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome, a condition closely linked with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a free sugar-restricted diet on anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, and glycemic control in women with PCOS. METHODS: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 74 women aged 18-45 years with diagnosed PCOS were randomly assigned to either a free sugar-restricted diet group (n = 37) or a standard diet group (n = 37) for 12 weeks. Anthropometric indices, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, insulin (HOMA-IR), insulin sensitivity (QUICKI), and lipid profile parameters including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed significant reductions in body weight and body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.017 and P = 0.026, respectively). There was a significant reduction in FBG (P < 0.001) and an increase in QUICKI (P = 0.022) in the intervention group in comparison with control, though QUICKI lost significance after adjusting for confounders. Both groups experienced significant reductions in TC and LDL during 12 weeks, while TG levels decreased significantly only in the intervention group (P = 0.001). Between-group comparisons revealed a significant difference in TG (P = 0.037), and a near-significant difference in LDL (P = 0.054). After adjusting for confounders, lipid profile components, except for LDL, improved in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that a 12-week free sugar-restricted diet can lead to weight reduction and improvements in blood glucose and lipid profile parameters in women with PCOS. TRIAL REGISTRATION: IRCT20230615058489N1; Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials ( https://www.irct.ir ); Date of registration: June 25, 2023.