Home › Clinical Tools › Forrest

🩸 Forrest Classification (UGI Bleed)

UseGuide endoscopic therapy and PPI strategy in ulcer bleeding.

Loading calculator…

SourceForrest JA, et al. Lancet 1974

Runs locally in your browser (no PHI uploaded). For licensed clinicians — not a substitute for clinical judgement.
Stored on this device for revisit reminders

This-shift next steps

After scoring: open the scene pack, peer scores, and the matching pathway. Local reference — no HIS write.

Scene next step
📋Upper GI bleedOpen scene pack →
Related scores
Matching pathway
🧭ugibOpen pathway →
Score + version; reference only — not a substitute for care · no HIS write

Paste the link in Slack, Teams, X, or LinkedIn — the preview image comes from this page’s Open Graph card.

Methodology · worked example, guidelines & full notes
Clinical takeaway

High-risk stigmata (Ia–IIa) need endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.

When to use

Guide endoscopic therapy and PPI strategy in ulcer bleeding.

How it works

Ia spurting / Ib oozing / IIa visible vessel (high risk); IIb clot (intermediate); IIc flat spot / III clean base (low risk).

Key points

  • High-risk stigmata (Ia–IIa) need endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.
  • Low-risk lesions: oral PPI, early feeding/discharge.
  • Adherent clot (IIb): consider removal and treat the lesion.

References

Worked calculation

The values below come from this tool's own example placeholders and are computed server-side with the formula shown on this page, so the arithmetic can be checked quickly. It demonstrates how to substitute values only — it is not clinical advice and not a real case.

Endoscopic appearanceIIa — non-bleeding visible vessel

→Forrest IIaIIa visible vessel

  • Rebleed risk：~43% — high risk
  • Management：Endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.
Endoscopic appearanceIa — active spurting

→Forrest IaIa active spurting

  • Rebleed risk：~55% rebleed without therapy — high risk
  • Management：Endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.
Verification & sources · governance
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What are the limits and cautions when using Forrest Classification (UGI Bleed)?
For licensed clinicians and clinical researchers. Interpret results with history, investigations and local protocols; not a diagnosis or prescription, and not a substitute for multidisciplinary decision-making or local guidelines.
Does Forrest Classification (UGI Bleed) upload patient data? Where is it calculated?
Calculation runs locally in the browser; inputs and results are not uploaded. For licensed clinicians only; interpret with history, investigations and local protocols — not a diagnosis or prescription.
How is Forrest Classification (UGI Bleed) calculated in practice? Can you show a worked example?
Inputs: Endoscopic appearance IIa — non-bleeding visible vessel → Result: Forrest IIa IIa visible vessel（Rebleed risk: ~43% — high risk, Management: Endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.） Inputs: Endoscopic appearance Ia — active spurting → Result: Forrest Ia Ia active spurting（Rebleed risk: ~55% rebleed without therapy — high risk, Management: Endoscopic haemostasis + IV PPI.）
Related tools

Other tools